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MDLinx  Psychiatry 5 minutes to stay current Your Article Summary Toxoplasma gondii and Other Risk Factors for Schizophrenia: An Update Schizophrenia Bulletin, 03/30/12 Torrey EF et al. – Low–risk factors include a history of traumatic brain injury, sex abuse in childhood, obstetrical complications, having a father 45 or older, specific genetic polymorphisms, birth seasonality, maternal exposure to influenza, or prenatal stress. The failure to find genes of major effect in schizophrenia has refocused attention on nongenetic, including infectious factors. In a previous study, antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were found to be elevated in 23 studies of schizophrenia (OR 2.73; 95% CI 2.10-3.60). The current study replicates this finding with 15 additional studies (OR 2.71; 95% CI 1.93-3.80) and compares this with other identified schizophrenia risk factors. The highest risk factors are having an affected mother (relative risks [RR] 9.31; 95% CI 7.24-11.96), father (RR 7.20; 95% CI 5.10-10.16), or sibling (RR 6.99; 95% CI 5.38-9.08) or being the offspring of immigrants from selected countries (RR 4.5; 95% CI 1.5?13.1). Intermediate risk factors, in addition to infection with T. gondii, include being an immigrant from and to selected countries (RR 2.7; 95% CI 2.3-3.2), being born in (RR 2.24; 95% CI 1.92-2.61) or raised in (RR 2.75; 95% CI 2.31-3.28) an urban area, cannabis use (OR 2.10-2.93; 95% CI 1.08-6.13), having minor physical anomalies (OR 2.23; 95% CI 1.42-3.58), or having a father 55 or older (OR 2.21-5.92; 95% CI 1.46-17.02). Receive more summaries like this by joining MDLinx. We provide free daily digests of top journal articles in your field. >> Click here to choose your specialties. Other articles in Psychiatry >> Click here to see the complete list The relationship between toxoplasma gondii infection and mood disorders in the third national health and nutrition survey Biological Psychiatry, 02/20/12 Fulminant toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis following intravitreal triamcinolone administration Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, 03/23/12 Discovery of a Novel Toxoplasma gondii Conoid-Associated Protein Important for Parasite Resistance to Reactive Nitrogen Intermediates Journal of Immunology, 03/22/12 ©1999-2012 MDLinx, Inc. This email was sent at the request of draurelromila1@gmail.com. Copyright ©2012 M3 USA. All Rights Reserved. M3 USA considers the privacy of its users to be of utmost importance and works to protect it. We will not sell or share your information with 3rd parties without your permission. For comprehensive information about the steps that M3 USA takes to respect your privacy, please read our Privacy Policy. This email has been sent by MDLinx, a division of M3 USA, 1215 17th St NW Washington, DC 20036 Tel: +1.202.293.2288 Fax: +1.202.293.1690